Essay about Liberty, Value, and the Liberal Perspective

Liberty, Value, and the Liberal Perspective ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the nature of liberty from the point of view of value. Liberty is the highest value for liberals. The root of this liberal view is their particular conception of self. Rawls says the self is prior to the ends which are affirmed by it. This is also the Kantian view of the self: the self is prior to its socially given roles and relationships. Therefore, no end is exempt from possible revision by the self. There is nothing wrong with this basic idea. In fact, all theories agree on free choice of life plan or self-determination. But they disagree about what package of rights and resources best enables people to pursue their own conceptions of the good. However,†¦show more content†¦For instance, the value of the moral principle or rule One ought not to harm others has a value not in itself, but in leaving the values for others not harmed or reduced. Thus it serves as a constraint. The principle of equality or any principle of equitable distribution , say distribution according to contribution, is a criterion or pattern for distribution. It also dose not have a value in itself, but serves as a criterion or pattern for the distribution of income, which is the good that has a value. In living a life, or being a particular person and doing all kinds of things, a human being pursues the values of various objects, material or non-material, concrete or abstract. The pursuit of any value is under a certain circumstance with various conditions. In order to protect the agent from unjustified interference from the environment and at the same time to prevent the agents doing or being something from harming others or society, we establish not only a principle of liberty to support the agent, but also some moral principles to constrain her or him or to serve as a criterion or pattern, in the case where her or his doing or being affects the justice to other people. Thus, I call the value of those social goods that support, constrain, or serve as a criterion or pattern associative value, which is not measurable in itself, even subjectively, but has to be measured in terms of the value of the good pursued by the agent. Liberty, as aShow MoreRelatedBrooke Johnson. Political Ideologies . Essay 1. 2/24/17.1583 Words   |  7 PagesBrooke Johnson Political Ideologies Essay 1 2/24/17 Differing Perspectives of Liberalism Liberalism is characterized by a commitment to individual rights, toleration, limited government, equal opportunity, and a commitment to free market. There are different forms of liberalism that one may identify with, such as classical liberalism, neo-liberalism, egalitarianism, and libertarianism. 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Hiv / Aids An Acronym For Human Immunodeficiency Virus

What if there was a disease that thousands of people a day contracted with no vaccine or cure, what do you think the world would look like? The world would look much like it does today, as there is a disease that infects thousands of people each and every day with no vaccine or cure. That disease is HIV/AIDS. A disease that is so powerful its position in our society has moved from epidemic to pandemic. In this paper we will explore HIV/AIDS and my one-day journey at one of Delaware County’s largest full service HIV/AIDS providers and how it changed my perspective on the disease and the people who carry it. What is HIV/AIDS? HIV is an acronym for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This virus can only attack humans, hence the name, and reproduces by taking over the T-cells (or CD4-cells which help fight off infections) and uses them to make copies of itself (U.S. Department of Health Human Services). Unlike most viruses the human body cannot seem to shake HIV, which means once you have HIV you have it for life. HIV is transmitted through certain bodily fluids and they are blood, semen (including pre-seminal), vaginal secretions, breast milk, and rectal fluids. AIDS, which stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, is the last stage of HIV, but it is important to note that not everyone with HIV will succumb to having AIDS. According to the U.S. Department of Health Human Services (2014) people who acquire AIDS have immune systems that have been severely deteriorated whichShow MoreRelatedThe Epidemic Of Hiv / Aids1306 Words   |  6 Pagesknown and feared viruses in the world today is HI V/AIDS. To fully understand on why HIV/AIDS is so deadly, we need to first understand and breakdown on what this virus exactly is. HIV is an acronym that stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Human means that only humans can be infected by this virus. 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Athletic Trainer Essay Example For Students

Athletic Trainer Essay Athletic TrainerAn athletic trainer seeking employment in todays job market is likely toencounter many problems and obstacles along the way. The need for highereducation greatly affects the prospect for the athletic trainer with only thebaccaulereate degree. Those with this degree are better suited to seekemployment in the rehabilitative therapy clinic setting. Many of these clinicshave contracts with the local high schools or university thus allowing for moreemployees and allowing these entry level positions. Clinics also tebd to employthe student trainers who also have a tendency to move on after their education. With third party payees coming more into this field there should be an increasein the job availability for the athletic trainer in the clinical setting. Thereare also many openings for trainers in the high school level. The down side tothis area of work is that this position is not generally based on the care andconcern for the health and well being of the student athlete but is contingenton the budget aspect. The most dismal field for an athletic trainer seekingemployment is in the college level. Athletic trainers most certainly needadvanced degrees as well as certification of the National Athletic TrainersAssociation. Most Athletic trainers in this level have accepted employment whilein college or attending that particular university. The college level for theathletic trainer position has not increased over the past few years- due impartto the hiring of the student trainers leaving no openings for the athletictrainer who is seeking full time employment. Obviously there is a definit e needfor advanced degrees in todays society, if one is seeking employment as anathletic trainer due to the fact that there is a very limited job field andopenings are few and far between. In order to be fully prepared for the positionof athletic trainer in todays sports related society, the potential trainerneeds to obtain the minimum of a baccalaureate degree with a designated courseof study. They need to have studied thoroughly anatomy and physiology,physiology of exercise, rehabilitation, kineseiology, psychology, injuryevaluation and also emergency care procedures and techniques. Before meeting therequirements to become eligible to test for the National Athletic TrainersAssociation (NATA) a potential trainer needs a minumum of 800 clinical hours ofexperience or 1500 hours if not enrolled in an accredited athletic trainingeducation program. The NATA also requires continuing education units for acertified trainer to remain certified through them. The steps to obtaining acareer in the field of athletic training are fairly simple. A desire to work inthe sports related field is obviously the driving force for most. A BA is theminimum degree along with clinical hours of experience as noted earlier. Alsothe National Athletic Trainers Association Board of Certification requirescontinuing education classed to maintain and update your knowledge of newprocedures. A Masters Degree is often sought by the athletic trainer to furtheradvance their career. A select few often go on and pursue a doctoral degree andprogress on to become instructors. Depending on the location of the high school/clinic/ university the Athletic trainer may encounter many different obstaclesto overcome in the day to day running of the training office. A few of theseproblems are, but not limited to, the following: Budgeting problems : manyathletic trainers have learned how to juggle funds and become extremely frugalto maintain within the budget limitations. Travel: there is often the need forthe trainer to accompany the team or athletes on the road to games and sportsevents which poses a hardship both on the trainers life and the life of theirfamilies. There will always be the legal aspects of the job field to contentwith for the athletic trainers. There is a definate need for the explicitfollowing of all rules and procedures in order to try to prevent any egalramifications. While employeed at any particular school or clinic a trainershould be covered at all times by the schools liability policy. All athletes arerequired to sign a waiver when they decide to participate in the sport of theirchoice and this too is a protective measure for both the trainer and the schoolor the clinic. Although it may seem like the problems along with the dismal jobopenings are a great deal to contend with when one is contemplating choosing thefield of Athletic Training there are a great many pluses to this field too. Manya .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e , .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .postImageUrl , .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e , .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e:hover , .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e:visited , .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e:active { border:0!important; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e:active , .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub5675131993c37fa4ac5f34f4bc9e19e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Literature, Arts and Humanities Essay

Lathe Machine Lab free essay sample

Beside that ,it can be used to measure the length of the object, which specific size is 100mm and 25mm in diameter. 3. 2) Lathe Machine A lathe is a machine tool which rotates the workpiece on its axis to perform various operations such as cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, or deformation with tools that are applied to the workpiece to create an object which has symmetry about an axis of rotation. Lathes are used in woodturning, metalworking, metal spinning, and glassworking. Lathes can be used to shape pottery, the best-known design being the potters wheel. Most suitably equipped metalworking lathes can also be used to produce most solids of revolution, plane surfaces and screw threads or helices. Ornamental lathes can produce three-dimensional solids of incredible complexity. The material can be held in place by either one or two centers, at least one of which can be moved horizontally to accommodate varying material lengths. Other workholding methods include clamping the work about the axis of rotation using a chuck or collet, or to a faceplate, using clamps or dogs. Group 3 | Weekly Report | Lathe P a g e |1 WEEKLY REPORT – LATHE MANUFACTURING LAB (MEFB 121) GROUP 3 REV NO : 000 DATE : 11 NOVEMBER 2011 Below are the list of parts and functions in lathe machine. No 1 Components Bed Functions Provides a heavy rigid frame on which all the main components are mounted. Inner and outer guide rails that are precision machined parallel to assure accuracy of movement. mounted in a fixed position on the inner ways, usually at the left end. Using a chuck, it rotates the work. inside the headstock, providing multiple speeds with a geometric ratio by moving levers. Hole through the headstock to which bar stock can be fed, which allows shafts that are up to 2 times the length between lathe centers to be worked on one end at a time to clamp part being machined and allows the mounting of difficult workpieces that are not round, square or triangular. Fits on the inner ways of the bed and can slide towards any position the headstock to fit the length of the work piece. An optional taper turning attachment would be mounted to it. Moves on the outer ways. Used for mounting and moving most the cutting tools Mounted on the traverse slide of the carriage, and uses a hand wheel to feed tools into the workpiece. To mount tool holders in which the cutting bits are clamped Mounted to the cross slide, it pivots around the tool post Attached to the front of the carriage, it has the mechanism and controls for moving the carriage and cross slide. For cutting threads 2 Ways 3 Headstock 4 Gearbox 5 Spindle 6 Chuck 7 Tailstock 8 9 Carriage Cross Slide 10 11 12 Tool Post Compound Rest Apron 13 Lead Screw Group 3 | Weekly Report | Lathe P a g e |2 WEEKLY REPORT – LATHE MANUFACTURING LAB (MEFB 121) GROUP 3 REV NO : 000 DATE : 11 NOVEMBER 2011 4. PROCEDURE Procedure for this purpose can be classified into 3 different topics; Work procedure, Operation and Safety precautions which each of those carried elements of different perspective but act under the same objective. 4. 1. Work Procedure I. Morning briefing by the technician; Mr. Shamsul on all aspect of job scope II. Proper safety attire were wore first III. Our group were given one workpiece for this particular activity. Using vernier calliper, the dimensions obtained and shown as per below : 100mm O25 Figure 3 – Initial workpiece dimension IV. V. The workpiece later being lock and was placed firmly in the spindle. The cutting tool was aligned to the dead center. The machine was turned on. The carriage was moved to the left by rotating the hand wheel until the tip of the cutting tool touches the edge of the metal cylinder. Cutting tool touch the edges 0. 5mm Group 3 | Weekly Report | Lathe P a g e |3 WEEKLY REPORT – LATHE MANUFACTURING LAB (MEFB 121) GROUP 3 REV NO : 000 DATE : 11 NOVEMBER 2011 VI. VII. VIII. IX. For safety reason, the workpiece were mounted with 0. 5mm per run(safe operation). The machine then were run by cutting the whole workpiece for 20mm diamater. This process need to be done two times which one on the left hand side and the right hand side. The carriage need to be push to the left slowly. For 20mm diameter cut,we need to repeat 4 times because to follow the safe operation procedure. Step 6 below were repeated for cutting the 15mm and 10 mm diameter. The final workpiece is as per below: O10 O15 O20 Figure 4- the final workpiece. 4. 3. Operation I. II. To perform lathe activity, the workpiece need to be lock and secure in the spindle at first. Then the lever that control the x-axis of the lathe machine is adjust and set to 0. This step is essential so that the operator keep tracks of the depth between the initial and the final workpiece. For safety purporse, the lathe machine only can cut down the workpiece for 0. 5mm per run. Apart from that,coolant switch also are turned on to reduce the friction between the cutter n workpiece. After all, the main switch is turned on and the cutter start to rotate itself. The lever on the x-axis need to be move to the left and the process of lathe begin. Push the lever slowly to the end. Lathe the workpiece until the end and after the process done,turn off the machine. III. IV. V. Group 3 | Weekly Report | Lathe P a g e |4 WEEKLY REPORT – LATHE MANUFACTURING LAB (MEFB 121) GROUP 3 REV NO : 000 DATE : 11 NOVEMBER 2011 4. 2. Safety Precautions I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. Before setting up a job, be sure that the workpiece, the table, the taper in the spindle, and arbor or cutter shank, are all clean and free from chips, nicks, or burrs. Keep lathe cutters sharp at all times. Do not change feeds or speeds while the lathe machine is in operation. Always turn on the coolant while doing the lathe process. This will reduce the total friction between the cuters and the workpiece. Never run a the lathe machine without the workpiece. When using clamps to secure the workpieces, be sure that they are tight and that the workpiece is held so that it will not spring or vibrate while it is being cut. Keep chips away from the workpiece; brush them out of the way by any convenient means, but do not do so by hand or with waste. NEVER remove chips with your bare hands. Use a stick or brush, and always stop the machine. Should it become necessary to operate the lathe while the ship is underway, be especially safety conscious. (Machines should be operated ONLY in relatively calm seas. ) VIII. 5. DISCUSSION From the activity that we done, we can sum up on several process that related to lathe machine. Points below explain the process of the lathe machine works on the workpiece. I. Turning A right-hand turning tool bit is shaped to be used from right to left. The cutting edge is on the left side of the tool bit and the face slopes down away from the cutting edge. The left side and end of the tool bit are ground with sufficient clearance to permit the cutting edge to bear upon the work piece without the heel rubbing on the work. The right-hand turning tool bit is ideal for taking light roughing cuts as well as general all-around machining. A left-hand turning tool bit is the just like right-hand turning tool bit, except that it’s the opposite. This tool bit is designed to cut when fed from left to right. The round-nose turning tool bit is very versatile and can be used to turn in either direction for roughing and finishing cuts. No side rake angle is ground into the top face when used to cut in either direction, but a small back rake angle may be needed for chip removal. The nose radius is usually ground in the shape of a half-circle with a diameter of about 1/32 inch. The right-hand facing tool bit is intended for facing on right-hand side shoulders and the right end of a work piece. The cutting edge is on the left-hand side of the bit, and the nose is ground very sharp for machining into a square corner. The direction of feed for this tool bit should be away from the center axis of the work, not going into the center axis. A left-hand facing tool bit is the opposite of the right-hand facing tool bit and is intend to machine and face the left sides of shoulders. Example of the process as shown in figure 5. Group 3 | Weekly Report | Lathe P a g e |5 WEEKLY REPORT – LATHE MANUFACTURING LAB (MEFB 121) GROUP 3 REV NO : 000 DATE : 11 NOVEMBER 2011 Figure 5- The turning of the lathe machine cutter. II. Feed speed and depth of cut Cutting speed is defined as the speed at which the work moves with respect to the tool. Feed rate is defined as the distance the tool travels during one revolution of the part. The finish is determined by the cutting speed and feed, power requirements, and material removal rate. The primary factor in choosing feed and speed is the material to be cut. However, one should also consider material of the tool, rigidity of the work piece, size and condition of the lathe, and depth of cut. To calculate the proper spindle speed, divide the desired cutting speed by the circumference of the work. In considering depth of cut, its important to remember that for each thousandth depth of cut, the work diameter is reduced by two thousandth. Some calculation can be done to define the feed speed but there a few missing variable like the rotation per minute (RPM) of the lathe machine use. To calculate spindle speed required, N=CS(1000) ? d N= Spindle speed( RPM) CS= Cutting speed of the metal(m/mm) d=diameter of the workpiece Group 3 | Weekly Report | Lathe P a g e |6 WEEKLY REPORT – LATHE MANUFACTURING LAB (MEFB 121) GROUP 3 REV NO : 000 DATE : 11 NOVEMBER 2011 III. Industrial application The lathe is one of the engineers most valuable tools. Coupled with a milling machine or milling head (Tri-axis lathe) there is nothing that cannot be produced from virtually any kind of material. A lathe can be used to a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) Turn an ornate wooden spindle Skim a cylinder head or other gasket-face Put a screw-thread on a piece of metal bar Drill a hole of almost any size in almost any material Machine an intricate valve, collet or gudgeon Put a screw-thread inside a hole (Tap the hole) Produce a complex component such as a cog-wheel, crown wheel or pinion Re-bore the cylinder of an engine Create irregular / offset flanged components of infinite complexity.